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DETERMINATION OF MACRO AND MICRONUTRIENTS AND
NUTRITIONAL PROSPECTS OF SIX VEGETABLE SPECIES OF MARDAN, PAKISTAN
JAVID HUSSAIN1,2*,
NAJEEB UR REHMAN1,2,
ABDUL LATIF KHAN1,3,
HIDAYAT HUSSAIN2, AHMED AL-HARRASI2,
LIAQAT ALI2,
FARHANA SAMI1,
AND ZABTA KHAN SHINWARI4
Abstract:
This study was
carried out to assess the nutritional and mineral composition of
selected vegetables, which are commonly used as food in Pakistan.
Abelmoschus esculentus, Solanum melongena, Cucurbita moschata,
Allium sativum, Momordica charantia and Portulaca
oleracea were collected form Mardan (Pakistan) and subjected to
nutrient analysis. Nutrient analysis (total proteins, fats,
carbohydrates, ash, energy value and moisture contents) of vegetable
species were determined according to AOAC methods. Macro viz. calcium
(Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and phosphorus (P) and
micro viz. iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), nickel
(Ni) and selenium (Se) elements were analyzed using Atomic Absorption
Spectrometric method. The moisture (wet and dry basis), ash, fats,
fibers, proteins, energy value (305.9-382.6 Kcal/100g) and carbohydrates
of these vegetable species were found in the range of 62.9-92.7,
5.4-7.7, 3.1-23.1, 0.3-8.3, 10.2-22.5, 7.7-16.9, and 51.3-80.2%
respectively. The micronutrients including Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu were found
to be in the range, 6.2-24.1, 0.2-11.7, 0.6-16.7, and 0.1-70 ppm
respectively. The results of macronutrients obtained having values of Ca
(90-1850 ppm), Mg (94-571 ppm), K (2078-4010 ppm), Na (2-170 ppm), and P
(250-1532 ppm) respectively. The quantity of Ni and Se were found
negligible in these vegetables. The results indicate that all these
vegetables have the potential to provide essential nutrients to the
human beings. Momordica charantia and Allium sativum were
found to be a good source of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, hence
capable of providing energy to the consumer. Both these species were
found significantly useful in terms of minerals sources, particularly
Ni, K, P, Zn, Cu, and Mn.
1Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
2Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of
Arts & Sciences,
University of
Nizwa, Oman
3School
of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu Republic of
Korea
4Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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