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Pak. J. Bot., 42(6): 4017-4026, 2010.

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POTENTIAL OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF NICKLE (Ni) AND LEAD (Pb) CONTAMINATED WATER

SAIMA MUKHTAR^1*, HAQ NAWAZ BHATTI¹, MUHAMMAD KHALID², M. ANWAR UL HAQ² AND SHER MUHAMMAD SHAHZAD³

Abstract: Heavy metals are contaminants of much environmental apprehension, as they are hazardous to human being and other biota. Buildup of heavy metals in crop plants is of great concern due to the probability of food contamination through the soil-root interface. For this purpose, a hydroponic study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of sunflower plant to phytoremediate Pb and Ni contaminated water in the absence and presence of synthetic chelator. Results showed that application of Ni and Pb reduced the dry weights of shoot and root (up to 55.1 and 38.3%; 50.5 and 33.6%), shoot and root length (up to 64.5 and 58.1%; 64.1 and 55.8%), chlorophyll content (up to 63.8 and 54.4%), and photosynthetic activity (up to 66.1 and 62.7%), respectively with EDTA as compared to control. While, maximum concentration of Ni and Pb in shoot and root (up to 18.43 and 20.73 mg kg^-1; 12.82 and 18.67 mg kg^-1), total accumulation (up to 55.82 and 72.28 mg kg^-1), and proline content (up to 128.2 and 98.3%) were recorded in the presence of EDTA respectively as compared to control. Generally, it was observed that concentration and total accumulation of Pb was more than Ni in sunflower plant. The study concludes that the use of synthetic chelator increased the uptake and translocation of heavy metals in plant biomass that could enhance the phytoremediation of Ni and Pb from contaminated water.

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

²Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

³Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan

^*Corresponding author: zee_shani51@yahoo.com