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CALLUS FORMATION AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM TWO COTTON SPECIES (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L., AND G. BARBADENSE L.)

LALE EFE

Abstract: In this study carried out during 2000-2001 in Kahramanmaras, 3,9,15 and 21 days old ovules excised from two different cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L.) were cultured in MS (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with 100 mg/l myoinositol, 30 g/l glucose, 9 g/l agar, 100-120 ml/l coconut water, 0.5 mg/l GA₃, 1 g/l casein hydrolisat, 1 g/l yeast extract and 3 g/l activated charcool. To determine the effects of growth regulators on callus formation, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 mg/l IAA and 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 mg/l Kinetin were added to media as 16 combination. For developing of balanced roots and shoots NAA (0.1 mg/l) and 2iP (3 mg/l) were added in the medium. All the obtained calli became brown in 1999, and callus formation was 13.2 % in G. hirsutum, 4.4 % in G. barbadense in 2000 and callus formation was 85.2 % in G. hirsutum, 44.1 % in G. barbadense in 2001. In 2000 it was observed that the combinations of 0.5 Kin+0.5 IAA and 0.5 Kin+1.5 IAA induced callus initiation in both 3 and 9 days old ovules in G. hirsutum, also in G. barbadense the combination of 0.5 Kin+0.5 IAA induced in 9 days old ovules, whereas the combination of 0.5 Kin+1.5 IAA induced in 3 days old ovules. In 2001 the calli formed almost in the all hormone combinations. Furthermore, callus formation were observed from both 3 and 9 days old ovules in G. hirsutum species, whereas in G. barbadense species callus formation were obtained from only 3 days old ovules. In 2000 and 2001 obtained calli were cultured in MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg/l NAA+3 mg/l 2iP in order to provide developing of balanced roots and shoots. The rootlike structures were observed in some cultures whereas shoot formation were not observed.
 

Department of Field Crops, Agricultural Faculty, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46060, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
Corresponding Author: lefe@ksu.edu.tr, Telephone: 90.344.2251407, Fax No: 90.344.2230048