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CHANGES OF PROTEINS AND OXIDATIVE ENZYMES IN SEEDS AND IN VITRO REGENERATED PLANTS OF THREE IRANIAN CULTIVARS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

KH. KIAROSTAMI AND H. EBRAHIMZADEH

Abstract: Somaclonal variation is one of the possible sources of variation in plant breeding. To evaluate the usefulness of somaclonal variation for creating variation in some Iranian cultivars of wheat, changes in proteins and oxidative enzymes in regenerated and seed-produced plants of wheat were studied. Three populations of each plant were used each of which belong to one embroyogenic callus or one ear. Immature embryos from three cultivars of wheat (Alamout, Hyrmand and Maroon),14 days after anthesis were cultured on solid MS medium with 1mgl^-1 2,4-D. The embryogenic calli obtained were then transferred to solid hormone-free MS medium to produce plantlets. Seeds of these three cultivars of wheat were also cultured on solid hormone free MS medium. Plantlets obtained from the two above sources were collected and used for the study of proteins, peroxidases, polyphenoloxidases and superoxidedismutases. There was no significant difference in the banding pattern SDS-PAGE and PAGE systems.Comparison of proteins between different regenerated or between different seed plants and the resulting dandrogram showed that the plants derived from seed culture belong to one group and those derived from tissue culture belong to another group. The level of peroxidase isozymes were lower in regenerated plants while superoxidedismutase represented additional isozyme in regenerated plants. Polyphenoloxidase had equal isozymes in both kinds of plant.
 

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.